According to Maslow's hierarchy, which need is at the top, representing personal fulfillment?

Self-actualization occupies the highest level in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, which depicts a progression from basic physiological needs to the more complex needs of personal fulfillment. At this stage, individuals strive to realize their full potential and engage in personal growth and self-improvement. Self-actualization encompasses the pursuit of creativity, problem-solving, and a sense of purpose, allowing individuals to express themselves authentically and fulfill their innate desires.

In the context of this framework, the preceding levels—physiological needs, safety needs, love and belonging needs, and esteem needs—must be sufficiently met before one can pursue self-actualization. Once a person achieves stability and meets those foundational needs, they can then focus on personal development and realizing their unique talents and capabilities. This is why self-actualization is seen as the pinnacle of achievement within Maslow’s model, highlighting its significance in understanding human motivation and development.